Vuokravakuus: rental deposit
Security deposit required when renting an apartment in Finland, typically 1-3 months rent returned after lease ends.
Detailed explanation
In Finland, landlords are legally permitted to request a security deposit of up to three months' rent. Most commonly, landlords ask for one to two months' rent as deposit. This amount is regulated by the Finnish Tenancy Act (Laki asuinhuoneiston vuokrauksesta), which limits how much can be requested and establishes rules for its return.
The deposit serves as financial security for the landlord. It can be used to cover unpaid rent, utility bills, or repair costs for damages beyond normal wear and tear. Normal wear and tear (tavanomainen kuluminen) - such as minor scuff marks on walls or worn flooring from regular use - cannot be deducted from your deposit.
When you sign your lease, the deposit terms should be clearly stated in your rental agreement (vuokrasopimus). The contract should specify the exact amount, how it should be paid, and the conditions for its return. Most landlords expect the deposit paid before or at the same time you receive the keys.
How it affects expats
- Significant upfront cost: Combined with first month's rent, expect to pay 2-4 months' rent before moving in
- No Finnish credit history: Some landlords may request a larger deposit from newcomers without established rental history
- Bank transfer required: Deposits are typically paid via bank transfer; keep proof of payment
- Return timeline: The landlord must return the deposit, or notify you in writing that it is withheld, within 14 days of the end of the tenancy or handover of the flat
- Inspection matters: Document the apartment's condition at move-in and move-out with photos and written notes
- Interest considerations: For longer tenancies, some landlords place deposits in interest-bearing accounts
Practical tips for managing your deposit
Before moving in:
- Take detailed photos of every room, including any existing damage
- Note scratches, stains, or wear on the move-in inspection form (kuntotarkastus)
- Keep copies of all documents and correspondence
During your tenancy:
- Report maintenance issues promptly to avoid being blamed for damage
- Follow building rules about renovations or modifications
When moving out:
- Clean the apartment thoroughly or hire professional cleaners
- Schedule a move-out inspection with the landlord
- Provide your new address and bank details for the refund
- Request written confirmation of any deductions
Common deposit disputes
If your landlord withholds part or all of your deposit unfairly, you have options:
- Request an itemized list of deductions with receipts
- Contact the Finnish Consumer Disputes Board (Kuluttajariitalautakunta) for free dispute resolution
- Seek legal advice if amounts are significant
Remember that landlords must prove damages exceeded normal wear and tear. Keep all documentation throughout your tenancy.
Related terms
- Vuokra-asunto (Rental Apartment): Rental housing in Finland
- Kotivakuutus (Home Insurance): Personal home insurance covering your belongings, liability, and potential damages in your Finnish residence
- Muuttoilmoitus (Change of Address): Official notification to Finnish authorities when you move, required for updating your registered address in the population system
- DVV: Population Register