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- Glossary
ALV (VAT): Finnish value-added tax guide
Value-added tax in Finland; often shown on invoices and receipts.
ALV (arvonlisävero) is Finland's value-added tax (VAT), a consumption tax added to most goods and services sold in the country. Detailed explanation Value-added tax is...
- Glossary
Business ID (Y-tunnus)
A unique identifier for companies and organizations in Finland.
...and other organizations registered in Finland. It serves as the primary reference number for businesses in official dealings, similar to how the personal identity code (HETU) identifies...
- Glossary
Collective agreement (TES)
Industry-wide minimum employment conditions in Finland, set by collective bargaining.
...minimum standards for an entire industry. In Finland, most employees are covered by some form of TES, even if they're not personally union members. When a TES is declared generally binding...
- Glossary
Ennakkoperintä (Tax Withholding)
Finland's system of prepaying taxes through salary withholding, ensuring taxes are collected throughout the year rather than in a lump sum.
Ennakkoperintä refers to Finland's tax withholding system - the practice of collecting income tax in advance through deductions from your salary, pension, or other income...
- Glossary
Ennakonpidätys: tax withholding
Tax withheld from your salary by your employer before you receive payment in Finland.
...on your tax card rates. Detailed explanation Finland operates on a pay-as-you-earn (PAYE) tax system, where taxes are collected throughout the year rather than in a single annual payment....
- Glossary
Erikoisruokavalio (Special Diet)
Finland's strong culture of accommodating dietary restrictions including lactose-free, gluten-free, and vegan options.
...A special diet or dietary restriction; Finland excels at accommodating various dietary needs in everyday food culture. What it means Erikoisruokavalio means special diet, and Finland is one...
- Glossary
Esiopetus: preschool
Free mandatory preschool education for 6-year-olds in Finland, preparing children for basic school.
...esiopetus has been mandatory for all children in Finland, typically attended the year they turn six. Detailed explanation Esiopetus is a transition year in a child's education. While not as academic...
- Glossary
Etätyö: remote work
Remote work policies and practices in Finland, one of the world's leading countries in flexible working arrangements.
...means remote work or telecommuting in Finnish. Finland is one of the world's leaders in remote work adoption, with a strong culture of trust-based employment and digital infrastructure that...
- Glossary
Finnish ID card (henkilökortti)
Official identity document issued by the police in Finland, valid for travel within the EU/EEA.
...period in both Finnish and Swedish, reflecting Finland's bilingual status. For Finnish citizens, the ID card serves as a full travel document within the EU/EEA and several other countries that...
- Glossary
Hammashoito: dental care
Dental healthcare services in Finland available through public health centers, private clinics, and occupational health.
...care in Finnish. Access to dental services in Finland works differently than general healthcare, with options including public dental clinics run by wellbeing services counties, private dentists,...
- Glossary
Hiihtolatu (Cross-Country Ski Track)
Maintained cross-country ski trails found throughout Finland, free to use and groomed regularly in winter.
...cross-country ski track, found throughout Finland and free to use during winter months. What it means Hiihtolatu refers to groomed cross-country ski tracks that municipalities and sports clubs...
- Glossary
Hoitotakuu: care guarantee
Legal guarantee ensuring timely access to healthcare services within specified timeframes in Finland.
Hoitotakuu (care guarantee) is Finland's legal guarantee that ensures patients receive access to healthcare services within specified maximum waiting times in the public healthcare...
- Glossary
Irtisanomisaika: notice period
Required time between giving notice and employment ending in Finland, protecting both employees and employers.
...See our guide to statutory notice periods in Finland for the full table, and termination of an employment contract in Finland for the grounds an employer needs. Related terms Employment Contract...
- Glossary
Isyysloma: paternity leave
Parental leave for fathers and non-birth parents in Finland, part of the reformed equal parental leave system.
...is being replaced by gender-neutral language in Finland's reformed parental leave system. Non-birth parents (traditionally fathers, but also same-sex partners and adoptive parents) now receive an...
- Glossary
Joukkoliikenne (Public Transport)
Finland's public transport systems including buses, trams, metro, and regional trains in major cities.
Joukkoliikenne Public transportation services in Finland, covering buses, trams, metro, commuter trains, and ferries. What it means Joukkoliikenne refers to all forms of public transport in Finland....
- Glossary
Juhannus (Midsummer)
Finland's Midsummer celebration held in late June, one of the most important holidays when the country largely shuts down.
Juhannus is Finland's Midsummer celebration, held on the Saturday between June 20 and 26. It is one of the most important holidays in Finland, rivaling Christmas...
- Glossary
Kaamos (Polar Night)
The period of extended winter darkness in northern Finland when the sun does not rise above the horizon, and its effects on daily life.
...refers to the period of polar night in northern Finland when the sun does not rise above the horizon. In Utsjoki, Finland's northernmost municipality, kaamos lasts from late November to mid-January...
- Glossary
Kalastus (Fishing)
Fishing in Finland's 188,000 lakes and extensive coastline, with permits and regulations for different methods.
Kalastus Fishing, a widely practiced activity in Finland with approximately 1.5 million recreational anglers across the country's vast lake and coastal waters. What it means Kalastus means fishing,...
- Glossary
Kehityskeskustelu: development discussion
The annual structured conversation between employee and manager in Finland, covering performance, goals, and career development.
...to discuss your long-term career goals in Finland and what support your employer can provide Language skills: If Finnish language skills are needed for career advancement, the development...
- Glossary
Kuntoutus (Rehabilitation)
Rehabilitation services in Finland provided through Kela, healthcare, and occupational health to support recovery and maintain work ability.
Kuntoutus means rehabilitation in Finland. It encompasses a wide range of services designed to restore, maintain, or improve a person's functional capacity and ability to work or...