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  1. Glossary

    Kansalaisuus: citizenship

    Finnish citizenship granting full rights including voting, passport, and permanent residence in the EU.

    ...for men (or civil service alternative) and tax obligations on worldwide income. How it affects expats Voting rights: Citizenship grants the right to vote in Finnish parliamentary and...

  2. Glossary

    Palkankorotus: pay raise

    How salary increases work in Finland, including collective agreement raises and individual negotiations.

    ...transparency is higher than in many countries. Tax records are public information, meaning anyone can look up another person's taxable income. This transparency helps reduce wage gaps and gives...

  3. Glossary

    Palkka (salary)

    Finnish term for salary or wages; understanding salary structures and payment practices in Finland.

    ...(kuukausipalkka). This is the amount before taxes and other deductions. When you receive a job offer, the salary stated is almost always the gross figure, not what you'll actually receive in...

  4. Glossary

    Äitiysloma: maternity leave

    Protected leave for birth mothers in Finland, part of the parental leave system with income-based benefits.

    ...date Provide income information: Kela accesses tax data automatically, but self-employed may need additional documentation Inform employer: Give written notice of your planned leave dates Receive...

  5. Glossary

    Alko (state alcohol monopoly)

    Finland's state-owned alcohol retail monopoly, the only store selling beverages over 8% ABV.

    ...Many residents supplement their purchases with tax-free shopping on Baltic ferries. Key details What Alko sells: Spirits, strong wines and beers, and other beverages above 8% ABV (spirit-based...

  6. Glossary

    Business ID (Y-tunnus)

    A unique identifier for companies and organizations in Finland.

    ...Patent and Registration Office (PRH) or the Tax Administration when a business entity is registered, and it remains with the organization throughout its existence. Every legally operating...

  7. Glossary

    Eduskunta (Parliament)

    The Finnish parliament with 200 members, responsible for legislation and government oversight.

    ...living in Finland - including immigration policy, taxation, employment law, and social services. Understanding how Finnish legislation works helps internationals navigate their rights and obligations....

  8. Glossary

    Etätyö: remote work

    Remote work policies and practices in Finland, one of the world's leading countries in flexible working arrangements.

    ...it is an expected benefit rather than a perk Tax implications: Working remotely from Finland for a foreign employer has tax and social security implications; consult Vero (Tax Administration) and...

  9. Glossary

    Personal identity code (HETU)

    The Finnish personal identity code used by authorities and many services.

    ...It links your records in healthcare, taxation, banking, employment, and social services systems. Without a HETU, many everyday tasks become significantly more complicated or impossible,...

  10. Glossary

    Finnish terms glossary: essential vocabulary for expats

    Finnish terms, abbreviations, and concepts for expats working and living in Finland. From Kela to HETU, understand it all.

    ...Lomaraha Annual Leave: Vuosiloma Overtime: Ylityö Tax & pension Financial obligations and retirement: Tax Card: Verokortti OmaVero: Online tax portal TyEL: Employee pension insurance YEL:...

  11. Glossary

    Joukkoliikenne (Public Transport)

    Finland's public transport systems including buses, trams, metro, and regional trains in major cities.

    ...planning Commuter benefit: Employers can offer tax-free commuter tickets worth up to 3,400 euros per year Accessibility: Finnish public transport is generally wheelchair-accessible with audio...

  12. Glossary

    Kesätyö: summer job

    The Finnish tradition of summer employment, a key opportunity for students and internationals to gain work experience.

    ...significantly improve future employment prospects Tax considerations: Summer earnings are taxable; apply for a tax card from the Tax Administration before starting work Where to find summer jobs...

  13. Glossary

    Korko (Interest Rate)

    Interest rates in Finland, especially Euribor-linked mortgage rates and how they affect housing costs for residents.

    ...offers from multiple banks before committing Tax implications: Interest on a loan for your own home is not tax-deductible (the deduction ended from tax year 2023) Key details Euribor: The...

  14. Glossary

    Municipality of residence (kotikunta)

    Your official municipality of residence, which can affect access to public services.

    ...depend on having a registered kotikunta Taxation: Municipal income tax rates vary (typically 4.7–11%), directly affecting your take-home pay Childcare and schools: Access to local daycare...

  15. Glossary

    Laina (Loan)

    Borrowing money in Finland, including mortgages (asuntolaina), consumer loans, and what international residents need to know about Finnish lending.

    ...Income verification: You need payslips and tax records, typically from the past 1–2 years in Finland Credit history: Finnish banks check your record with Suomen Asiakastieto; a clean record is...

  16. Glossary

    Lautta (Ferry)

    Ferry services in Finland connecting islands, the archipelago, and international routes to Estonia and Sweden.

    ...for short getaways and shopping trips, as onboard tax-free shops offer competitive prices. Why it matters for internationals International ferries are one of the most affordable and enjoyable ways to...

  17. Glossary

    Lentokenttä (Airport)

    Finnish airports, with Helsinki-Vantaa as the main international hub connecting Finland to the world.

    ...(30 min to central Helsinki), Finnair city bus, taxis, and ride-sharing services Finnair: Flag carrier with strong Asia and Europe networks; member of oneworld alliance Regional airports: Oulu,...

  18. Glossary

    Lounas (Lunch)

    Finnish workplace lunch culture featuring affordable buffet-style meals, typically costing 10-13 euros.

    ...and the government supports this through tax-free meal benefits. Understanding lunch culture also helps with workplace integration - lunch is a social event where colleagues eat together, and...

  19. Glossary

    Muuttoilmoitus: change of address notification

    Official notification to Finnish authorities when you move, required for updating your registered address in the population system.

    ...It affects which municipality collects your taxes, which health center you're assigned to, where you can vote, and which services you're entitled to in your area. Many official letters and cards...

  20. Glossary

    Muuttopäivä: moving day

    Finnish moving day traditions, the typical moving process, and practical tips for relocating within Finland.

    ...address with most government services, Kela, the tax authority, and your municipality. Many Finnish apartment buildings have rules about moving. Some buildings designate specific elevator reservation...

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