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  1. Glossary

    Omakotitalo: detached house

    A single-family detached home in Finland, the most spacious but also most maintenance-intensive housing option.

    ...and garden upkeep. The owner also pays property tax (kiinteistövero) directly to the municipality. Building a new omakotitalo is common in Finland. Many Finns purchase a plot (tontti) from a...

  2. Glossary

    Omistusasunto: owner-occupied apartment

    Buying property in Finland as an international, including the housing company system and purchasing process.

    ...is the shareholder's responsibility Transfer tax: Property purchases incur a transfer tax (varainsiirtovero) of 1.5% for housing company shares or 3% for real estate Long-term investment: Finnish...

  3. Glossary

    Opintoraha (Student Grant)

    A monthly study grant from Kela for students in Finland who are enrolled in qualifying degree programs and make adequate progress.

    ...duration of your degree plus some extra months Tax: Opintoraha is taxable income Related terms Kela: Finland's social insurance institution Opintotuki (Student Aid): the full student financial aid...

  4. Glossary

    Opintotuki: student financial aid

    Finnish government financial support for students including study grant, housing supplement, and loan guarantee.

    ...repayment begins after graduation with special tax deductions available if you complete your degree on time. Since 1 August 2025, most students living in rented housing in Finland get the student...

  5. Glossary

    Opiskelija: student

    Student status in Finland and the benefits, rights, and working permissions it provides for internationals.

    ...student discounts with a valid student card Tax implications: Student income is taxed, but the tax rate may be low if annual earnings are modest Key benefits of student status Financial support:...

  6. Glossary

    Osoitteenmuutos: address change

    The process of updating your address with various services and authorities when moving in Finland.

    ...Update addresses before important mailings (tax cards, permits, etc.) Employer notification: Essential for tax and payroll purposes Banking access: Ensure your bank has your current address for...

  7. Glossary

    Pankkitili (bank account)

    Finnish bank account; essential for receiving salary and managing finances in Finland.

    ...access government services, healthcare portals, tax systems, and many other online platforms that require verified identity. The Finnish banking sector is dominated by several major players, each...

  8. Glossary

    Payslip (palkkalaskelma)

    A breakdown of your salary, deductions, and payments for a pay period.

    ...for a pay period, including deductions (tax, pension, etc.). Detailed explanation Every time you receive your salary, your employer must provide a payslip that details exactly how your pay...

  9. Glossary

    Polkupyörä (Bicycle)

    Cycling culture and infrastructure in Finland, where bicycles are a popular year-round transport option.

    ...and shower facilities. Finland also offers a tax-free bicycle benefit where employers can provide a bike worth up to 1,200 euros as a fringe benefit. Used bikes are readily available through...

  10. Glossary

    Rekisteröinti: registration

    Process of officially registering your residence and information in Finnish population systems.

    ...healthcare to education. It also affects your taxation, as municipal tax rates vary. Many transactions in Finland require a personal identity code, from opening a bank account to signing an...

  11. Glossary

    Sähkösopimus: electricity contract

    Electricity supply agreement required for your Finnish home, involving both distribution and retail electricity providers.

    ...consumption-based charge) Sähkövero: Electricity tax ALV: Value-added tax (25.5% on electricity) The distribution fee often equals or exceeds the energy cost itself, especially for low-consumption...

  12. Glossary

    Sairaala (Hospital)

    Finland's public hospital system providing specialist and emergency medical care, organized by hospital districts.

    ...of the public healthcare system funded through taxation and patient fees. You generally cannot visit a hospital specialist directly - instead, you receive a referral (lähete) from a health center...

  13. Glossary

    Starttiraha (Startup Grant)

    A grant from municipal employment services for new entrepreneurs in Finland to support their income during the early stages of starting a business.

    ...plan, adequate skills, full-time entrepreneurship Taxable: Starttiraha is counted as taxable income Related terms TE Services: municipal employment services Palkkatuki (Wage Subsidy): employer wage...

  14. Glossary

    Strong authentication (bank IDs)

    A common way to log in to Finnish services using online banking credentials or a mobile ID.

    ...to access Suomi.fi, Kela online services, and tax authority portals Healthcare: Needed to view your health records in Omakanta and book appointments Banking setup priority: Getting a Finnish bank...

  15. Glossary

    Suomi.fi: Finland's digital services portal

    A portal for Finnish public e-services and official messages.

    ...public services require Suomi.fi login, including tax services, Kela applications, and municipal services Personal data: View and verify the information public agencies have registered about you...

  16. Glossary

    Terveyskeskus: health center

    Public municipal health center providing primary healthcare services to local residents in Finland.

    ...These centers are funded through municipal taxes and patient fees, making healthcare accessible and affordable for everyone. Health centers offer a full range of primary healthcare services:...

  17. Glossary

    Tilisiirto (Bank Transfer)

    The standard method of transferring money between bank accounts in Finland, widely used for rent, invoices, and everyday payments.

    ...Finnish bank account basics Veroprosentti (Tax Rate): your tax card percentage Strong Authentication: bank ID for online services

  18. Glossary

    Trade union: Finnish worker representation & legal support

    An organization that can provide advice, legal help, and support for employees.

    ...is typically 1-2% of your salary. It is no longer tax-deductible from tax year 2026 (unemployment fund fees remain deductible). How it affects expats Not mandatory: Union membership is voluntary, but...

  19. Glossary

    Tulli (Customs)

    Finnish Customs authority responsible for controlling imports, exports, and collecting customs duties.

    ...export of goods and collects customs duties and taxes. What it means Tulli is the Finnish Customs service, operating under the Ministry of Finance. It controls the flow of goods across Finland's...

  20. Glossary

    TyEL: employee pension insurance in Finland

    Employee pension insurance in Finland; employers arrange it for employees.

    ...salary, deductions, and payments for a pay period Tax card (Verokortti): Shows your withholding rate YEL: Pension insurance for self-employed people

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